Every autumn, forests put on a spectacular show. But why?
Green Is Chlorophyll
During spring and summer, leaves are packed with green chlorophyll, which is needed for photosynthesis. It hides other colors.
Days Get Shorter
As autumn arrives, there is less daylight and the weather cools. Many trees stop making chlorophyll.
Hidden Colors Appear
As the green fades, yellow and orange pigments called carotenoids, which were there all along, become visible.
Where Do Reds Come From?
Red and purple colors come from pigments called anthocyanins. Many trees make these in autumn. Bright, sunny days and cool nights often produce the richest reds.
Why Do Leaves Fall?
In winter there is less light and water. Many trees drop their leaves to save energy until spring. This is called being deciduous.
Try This at Home
Collect different leaves and make a color chart or leaf rubbings. Press them in a heavy book to keep them.
